NOTE: The following reactions are not necessarily balanced.
SYNTHESIS
Element + Element --> Compound
N2 + H2 --> NH3
DECOMPOSITION
Compound --> Element + Element
NH3 --> N2 + H2
Carbonate --> Oxide + Carbon Dioxide
CaCO3 --> CaO + CO2
Fe2(CO3)3
--> Fe2O3 + CO2
Hydroxide --> Oxide + Water
Ca(OH)2 --> CaO + H2O
Fe(OH)3 --> Fe2O3
+ H2O
Sulfate --> Oxide + Sulfur Trioxide
Na2SO4 --> Na2O
+ SO3
Sulfite --> Oxide + Sulfur Dioxide
Na2SO3 --> Na2O
+ SO2
Hydrate --> "Anhydrate" + Water
CuSO4.5H2O --> CuSO4 + 5H2O
SINGLE REPLACEMENT (or Single Displacement)(or leave off "Single")
Element + Compound --> Element + Compound
Zn + HCl --> H2 + ZnCl2
DOUBLE REPLACEMENT (or Double Displacement of Metathesis)
Coumpound + Compound --> Coumpound + Compound
NaI + Pb(NO3)2 --> NaNO3
+ PbI2
COMBUSTION
Hydrocarbon + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide + Water
CH4 + O2 --> CO2
+ H2O
Carbohydrate + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide + Water
C6H12O6
+ O2 --> CO2 + H2O
SPECIAL SITUATIONS of THE ABOVE:
NEUTRALIZATION (or Neutralisation) (see Double Replacement)
Acid + Base --> Salt + Water
HBr + KOH --> KBr + H2O
HCl + NaOH --> NaCl + H2O
INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION
In the absence of adequate oxygen, the products may include
carbon monoxide (CO) or soot (C) instead of carbon dioxide.
CHECK YOURSELF:
1. Balance each equation above.
2. Identify each of the following schematic reactions by type:
AB + CD --> AD + CB
A + B --> AB2
CH + O2 --> CO2 + H2O
A + BC --> AC + B
ABC --> A + B + C2