MHS AP Chemistry
Gases and Graham's Law

Part I
Purpose
You will be supplied with three glass tubes of differeing diameters but the same length.
Predict the effect of tube diameter on the length of time it takes for ammonia gas (NH3) to diffuse the length of the tube.  Check your predictions, and use litmus paper to detect the ammonia gas.

Caution
Ammonia gas is a poison.  Minimize the time it is open to the air by using a small amount in a closed container, and working with the stock solution under the hood.  Ammonium hydroxide solutions are "corrosive to flesh" and you should avoid all skin contact.

Write-up:
        Title Stuff
        Hypothesis
        Procedure (& drawing)
        Data/Results
        Analysis/Conclusions

Part II
Purpose
Concentrated hydrochloric acid releases HCl gas to the atmosphere, and concentrated ammonium hydroxide releases NH3 gas to the atmosphere.  These two gases combine to form the solid NH4Cl, which looks like smoke.  If releases into opposite ends of a glass tube at the same time, where in the tube will the "smoke" ring form?  Use yoru knowledge of Graham's Law to make a prediction.

Caution
Ammonia gas and hydrogen chloride gas are both poisons.  Minimize the time they are open to the air by using small amounts in closed containers, and working with the stock solutions under the hood.  Both solutions are "corrosive to flesh" and you should avoid all skin contact.

Follow Up Questions
Calculate the speed with which the gas travelled down each tube.
Calculate the rate at which the gas filled the volume of each tube (think about this).  Report your results in mL/time.  Discuss these results.

Write-up
        Title Stuff
        Hypothesis (prediction with calculation)
        Procedure (& drawing)
        Data/Results (with % error)
        Analysis/Conclusions

Note: You can pass these in as one report with one Title Section.

[Syllabus 10][MHS AP Chem page]